The picture shows an example of a drobo, an external secondary storage device there are two types of storage devices used with computers. The diagrammatic representation of the classification of. Common mass storage devices include disk drives and tape drives. A variety of different memory technologies are available each one suited to different applications names such as rom, ram, eprom, eeprom, flash memory, dram, sram, sdram, as well as fram and mram are available, and new types are being developed to enable improved performance. These are the types of computer memory that are permanent and portable. Hard drives or optical discs are an example of such storage devices. General memory technology trends smithsonian institution. However, instead of the head and arm, a laser light writes and reads the information on the cds and dvds to interpret it and display them in the monitor. The user can write information to it and read information from it. Parts that were once hand made at a cost of thousands of manhours are now mass produced for a fraction of a rupee. Primary memory volatile memory primary memory is internal memory of the computer. Introduction to memory types many types of memory devices are available for use in modern computer systems. With respect to the way of data access we can classify memories as. Mcqs on input and output devices gk objective question answer exam question answer for the competitive exam of govt jobs.
A display screen, printer, or other device that lets you see what the computer has accomplished. Computers have revolutionized the way we carry out our daily activities. Memory used to important role in saving and retrieving data. Data processing techniques types of computer memory. Memory is an internal storage area in a computer, which is availed to store data and programs either permanently or temporarily. It normally stores system programs, instruction and data files. Ram or random access memory is the central storage unit in a computer system. Any media, permanently attached or transportable, capable of storing electronic information. Using roms for combinational logic readwrite memory random access memory, ram.
Types of computers and their parts page 1 of 6 source. The most basic distinction is between types of computer memory is between primary memory often called system memory and secondary memory, which is more commonly called storage. Explain different types of storage devices perfect. A programmable electronic device that processes data via instructions to output information for future use. A computer enables hardware components to work together to store, retrieve and process data.
Storage devices can store large amounts of data and instructions permanently whereas primary memory has less capacity of storing data. Alternatively referred to as digital storage, storage, storage media, or storage medium, a storage device is any hardware capable of holding information either temporarily or permanently. About basic computer hardware every part of your computer is the result of years of research and development. Storage devices primary storage rom this memory is used as the computer begins to boot up. Primary memory, also known as main storage, is the area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the computers processor.
With this, the computer can only accommodate a limited sized program and data. Auxiliary memory auxiliary memory is much larger in size than main memory but is slower. In order to achieve this memory devices were introduced. Examples of nonvolatile memory include readonly memory see rom, flash memory, most types of magnetic computer storage devices e. It almost saves all data and applications in a computer except for hardware firmware. Now a day computer is one of the most important fields for every examination. The address of these locations varies from 0 to 65535. Without memory, the computer cant perform a single task. In our discussion, we will approach these devices from the software developers perspective. Secondary memories cannot be accessed directly by a. Usually a keyboard and mouse, the input device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter a computer. Computer memory is broadly divided into two groups and they are. Since capacitors leak there is a need to refresh the contents of memory.
Ram random access memory it stands for random access memory. The physical parts that make up a computer are called hardware. Ziavras, department of electrical and computer engineering, new jersey institute of technology, newark, new jersey 07102, u. Secondary storage devices are essential as the size of p rimary storage or main memory in every computer is limited. Computer basicshardwaretypes of hardware wikieducator.
To carry out big jobs like commercial data processing, it becomes essential that data be held in some expansive form of storage. Two types computer memory primary and secondary memory. It can also be used as an overflowvirtual memory in case the main memory capacity has been exceeded. Types of memory mainly computer have two types memory. It is also known as main memory and temporary memory. The computer uses software programs or sets of instructions to carry out the storage, retrieval and processing of data. Computers and many electronic gadgets usually rely on stored information which is mainly data which can be used to direct circuit actions.
Flash drives, memory sticks, usb drive, a newer storage device is a usb flash drive which is about the size of your car key. The performance of computer mainly based on memory and cpu. Computers memory can be classified into two types ram and rom. Each of rams locations can store one byte 1 byte 8 bits of information. It plugs into almost any usb port in your computer and the data is erasable. It comes in different shapes and sizes depending on the needs and functionalities. Raw facts and figures that has no meaning processed via a set of instructions. Microcontrollers introduction, microcontrollers types and. Floppy disks have only a few standard types and formats but hard disks come in a variety of sizes so their capacities vary greatly.
A microcontroller is a small, lowcost and self contained computeronachip that can be used as an embedded system. For example if computer has 64k words, then this memory unit has 64 1024 65536 memory location. It is store the data, information, programs during processing in computer. In computing memory refers to the physical devices used to store programs sequences of instructions or data e. Computer memory is a generic term for all of the different types of data storage technology that a computer may use, including ram, rom, and flash memory. Memories can be divided into 2 categories based on what memory cells can be accessed at a given. Over the years, different memory devices have been used to store data as 1s and 0s in main computer storage. Output devices types of monitor lightemitting diode led less space lighter very expensive provide higher contrast and.
Static ram sram dynamic ram dram sram timing dram timing memory devices. This is the most common type found in homes, schools, business offices etc. Ram random access memory could be the best example of primary memory. Architecture and components of computer system memory.
Architecture and components of computer system random access memories ife course in computer architecture slide 4 dynamic random access memories dram each onebit memory cell uses a capacitor for data storage. Computer memory primary and secondary memory in computer. Primary memory is the volatile memory and the secondary memory is the nonvolatile memory. Computer memory, applications and management nikola zlatanov in computing, memory refers to the computer hardw are devices used to store information for.
Computer memory in the form of ram, and at least one other less volatile, memory storage device are usually combined with the cpu on a system bus in a single unit. The computer has many types of data storage devices and they can be broadly divided as removable data storage devices and the others as the nonremovable data storage devices. Keywords computer organization, processor, memory hierarchy, peripheral devices, bus. The read and write rw memory of a computer is called ram. The primary memory in the computer system is in the form of integrated circuits. Definition in order for data to be processed by a computer, they must first be stored in main computer storage.
Memory devices have historically been considered process drivers as well as revenue producers. Types of memory devices electronics project design. A storage device is one of the basic elements of any computer device. It is the future of computer memory storage devices. Computer parts can be divided into two groups, hardware and software. It stores data either temporarily or permanent basis. Data processing techniques types of computer memory input output devices data processing, storage, and io devices data processing techniques data storage bit, byte, ram, rom, cache memory, and.
Memory is internal storage media of computer that has several names such as majorly categorized into two types, main memory and secondary memory. Computer memory is a physical electronic device that is used to store applications and data, temporarily or permanently, as required by a computer andor its user. When computer is switched off, all data in ram is erased. Definition a computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. The continued use of these computers has led to the increased need of memory to store our necessities which range from small documents to larger files such as movies and. A few microcontrollers may utilize fourbit expressions and work at clock rate frequencies, which usually include.
Here is more on the different types of computer memory through a random web browsing session, when you right click on an image and select save image as, have you ever. What are the different types of computer storage devices. The plotter is a computer printer for printing vector graphics plotters are used in applications such as computeraided design such as diagrams, layouts, specification. With ram any location can be reached in a fixed and short amount of time after specifying its address. We are always in front of our computers doing a thing or two on a daily basis. Semiconductor memory is used in all forms of computer applications. Storage devices are hardware devices that are capable of storing and fetching data. These types of computer memory works like records and hard drives. Computer memory memory is storage part in computer. It is the place in a computer where the operating system, application programs and the data in current use are kept temporarily so that they can be accessed by the computers processor. As an embedded software engineer, you must be aware of the differences between them and understand how to use each type effectively.
Small programs called firmware are often stored in rom chips on hardware devices like a bios chip, and they contain instructions the computer can use in performing some of the most basic operations required to operate hardware devices. It is a computer systems volatile storage mechanism. Types of memory devices introduction to memory devices. Mcq input and output device of computer with answers pdf. Random access memory ram is the best known form of computer memory. Memory is the best essential element of a computer because computer cant perform simple tasks. The storage capacity ranges from 128 mb to 16gb and rising. The digital information is stored in memory devices. So dear reader i have provided top expected gk questions from input and output device of the computer.
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